Radiochemistry

Dr. Vladimir Ivanovski, Professor

Course content:

1) Introduction. Discovery of radioactivity.

2) LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY (mathematical formulation, derivation, arrays of naturally radioactive elements, artificial radioactivity).

3) EQUATIONS OF INCREASE AND DECREASE OF ACTIVITY (exponential dependence, increase of radioactive products, determination of half-times of transformations). 

4) ATOMIC NUCLEUS (structure of atom and nucleus, nucleons, properties of nucleus, binding energy, semiempirical equations, systematics of nuclei).

5) ELEMENTARY PARTICLES (fermions (leptons, (baryons (quarks))), bosons), properties of baryons, bosons – exchange particles or force carriers (gluons, photons, gravitons, W and Z), mechanism of interaction (exchange of particles).

6) NUCLEAR STATES AND RADIOACTIVE PROCESSES (stationary states of nuclei, layered model for the structure of the nucleus and magic numbers, theory of gamma transitions and nuclear isomerism, beta transformations, alpha transformations, tunnel effect). 

7) NUCLEAR REACTIONS (liquid drop model, nature of nuclear reactions, energetics of reactions, potential and centrifugal barrier, effective cross sections for projectile absorption, elastic and inelastic collisions, Bohr's theory of nuclear reactions, fission, thermal neutrons, effective cross sections for absorption of thermal neutrons).

8) OBTAINING AND STUDYING NUCLEAR REACTIONS (instrumentation – cyclotron, sources of gamma rays and X-rays, neutron sources).

9) CHEMICAL REACTIONS UNDER THE EFFECT OF RADIOACTIVE RADIATION (radiolysis of water and organic compounds).

10) RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS AS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS (basic dosimetric methods; radiation control and protection).

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